Fix: The Action Can’t Be Completed Because the File Is Open in RuntimeBroker
Have you encountered the annoying notification: “The action can’t be completed because the file is open in RuntimeBroker”? This error typically appears on Windows systems when you’re trying to delete, move, or rename a file, but the operating system claims it’s being used by the Runtime Broker. Understanding why this happens and how to resolve it can save you time and prevent potential system issues.
Let’s break down what Runtime Broker is, why this error occurs, and how you can safely fix it.
What Is Runtime Broker?
The Runtime Broker process (RuntimeBroker.exe) is a legitimate Windows service introduced in Windows 8 and still present in Windows 10 and 11. It acts as a middleman between your apps and the system’s privacy settings. Essentially, it helps ensure that applications are behaving within the permissions granted to them.
However, sometimes this background process holds a lock on files, especially when those files are associated with apps you’re running from the Microsoft Store or through built-in UWP (Universal Windows Platform) apps.
Common Causes of the Error
- File is used by a UWP app or background service: Files opened through UWP apps sometimes don’t release properly even after the app is closed.
- File Explorer Preview Pane: Windows File Explorer might be previewing the file, especially if it’s an image, video, or PDF.
- Delayed Resource Release: Windows might still be indexing or scanning the file for security or search purposes.
Solution 1: Close the File and Restart the PC
As simple as this may sound, a full restart often solves the issue. Here’s what you should try first:
- Make sure the file or folder is closed in all applications.
- Restart your PC.
- Try deleting or renaming the file again.
If this doesn’t work, proceed to the next steps.
Solution 2: Use the Task Manager to End Runtime Broker
You can terminate the Runtime Broker process manually. Don’t worry—it will automatically restart when needed.
- Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager.
- Go to the Processes tab.
- Find Runtime Broker, right-click it, and select End task.
- Attempt your file operation again.
Note: If Runtime Broker restarts immediately, there might be a background app continuously engaging its services.
Solution 3: Disable the File Explorer Preview Pane
If File Explorer has the Preview Pane enabled, it may be locking files to generate thumbnails or previews.
To disable it:
- Open File Explorer.
- Click on the View tab.
- Uncheck Preview pane.
- Close File Explorer completely and try the action again.
Solution 4: Restart Windows Explorer
This helps clear temporary locks on files used by system services, including Runtime Broker.
- Open Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc).
- Scroll down to find Windows Explorer.
- Right-click and select Restart.
- Test the file operation once again.
Solution 5: Use Safe Mode or Clean Boot
If none of the above solutions work, try performing the action in Safe Mode or after a clean boot. This ensures no third-party interactions are interfering.
To boot in Safe Mode:
- Press Windows + R, type msconfig, and hit Enter.
- Go to the Boot tab and check Safe boot > Minimal.
- Restart your computer.
- Try to rename or delete the file again.
Make sure to undo the Safe Boot setting afterward by unchecking it in msconfig.
Additional Tips
- Update Windows: Regular Windows updates often fix bugs in system services like Runtime Broker.
- Avoid Third-Party File Unlockers: While some tools promise to “unlock” files, they can cause system instability or data corruption.
- Scan for Malware: Rarely, malware can disguise itself as Runtime Broker. Run a thorough virus scan if the process behaves suspiciously or uses high resources.
Conclusion
The error message “The action can’t be completed because the file is open in RuntimeBroker” is frustrating, but typically manageable. By methodically identifying what’s holding your file hostage, you can regain control without compromising system integrity. Whether it’s as simple as turning off a preview pane or as involved as entering Safe Mode, one of these solutions is bound to work.
Always exercise caution when managing system processes, and ensure your software and security are up to date to minimize these issues in the future.
